A 13-year-old girl presents to the ED with confusion and abdominal pain. She has type 1 diabetes requiring insulin.
She has had three days of vomiting and two days of diarrhoea, and it is unclear whether she has been taking insulin during this illness. Her vital signs and initial venous blood gas are shown below.
| Measure |
Value |
| Temp |
37 deg C |
| HR |
124 bpm |
| BP |
120/70 mmHg |
| Central capillary refill |
4 seconds |
| pH |
6.93 |
| pCO2 |
9 mmHg |
| pO2 |
44.9 mmHg |
| HCO3 |
2 mmol/L |
| Base excess |
-25.5 mmol/L |
| Na |
124 mmol/L |
| K |
6.2 mmol/L |
| Cl |
79 mmol/L |
| Glucose |
43.5 mmol/L |
| Hb |
162 g/L |
Quote four appropriate formulae that assist analysis of these blood results. Do not insert values or calculate results.
(Marked out of 4.0)
/ 4
State four important principles for fluid and electrolyte treatment in the ED, and give a justifying statement for each. Doses may be included.
(Marked out of 8.0)
/ 8
Total Score: 0 / 12
Percentage: 0%
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